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This Week in World War One, 29 November 1918

 

BERWICK ADVERTISER, 29 NOVEMBER 1918

 

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

LEST WE FORGET

 

Sir,- Mr Thomas Grey’s most advocacy, in your issue of 22nd inst., for the erection of a permanent and public memorial to the memory of our brave and noble Tweedmouth heroes, who have given their lives in the cause of right and justice during the terrible world-war just ended must convince everyone that the accomplishment of such a worthy object is highly desirable, and that their names must be engraven in a conspicuous and lasting form so that future generations may honour them and their noble deeds and sacrifices.

HRH the Prince of Wales laying a Wreath at Tweedmouth War Memorial after opening the Royal Border Bridge, 1928. BRO 515/358 (C) Berwick Record Office. The War Memorial was unveiled  October 1920.

 

Mr Grey invites the opinion of Tweedmouth on the subject, and as a humble member of the community, I, for my part, would suggest that a marble, or granite drinking fountain, of suitable and symmetrical size be erected in a conspicuous part of the town (probably in a broad part of Main Street), with the figure which is symbolical of “Victory” on the top of it, and the names of our heroes be engraven on the centre portion. Mr Grey should himself select a committee to take the matter in hand -Yours faithfully. EDWARD BREWIS Tweedmouth, November 25th, 1918.

 

RAILWAYMEN’S VISIT TO THE BATTLEFIELDS

 

On the invitation of the Minister of Munitions, Mr Geo. Dodds, Woolmarket, Berwick, recently visited the battlefields in France along with other representatives of the Railwaymen in the North of England. They were conducted during the tour by Staff Major Lord Greville.

Berwick Railway Station early 1900s. © Berwick Record Office – BRO 1636-10-013

On arriving in France the party was initiated into the mysteries of the anti-gas department, supplied with gas masks and shrapnel helmets, and were put through the six different movements of the drill, and then put into a hut filled with gas to test the efficiency of the masks. The first place of interest they visited was an establishment covering any amount of ground and dealing with the salvage of the battlefields from a button to a 15 inch gun. They were taken through the different shops where the bulk of the work is done by German prisoners and Chinese labourers, supervised by our own non-commissioned officers. The system was explained, and it was shown that this factory alone must have saved the country many millions of pounds. In several of the departments French girls are employed but on the day of Mr Dodds’s visit they took French leave and paraded the streets singing ( Mr Dodd’s party being greeted by the British “Hurrah!”) owing to a rumour that Peace had been declared. They proceeded to a bakery busy in supplying the British, French and Belgian troops with bread. Here the Chinese do the labouring, a continuous procession of coolies carrying flour to the troughs, but our own Tommies do the kneading and baking. The output is 400,000 loaves per week.

They also motored out to the largest munition dump in France, the extreme width being ten miles. They were shown the different railway arrangements for dealing with the front line demands, the huge stores capable of holding from 40,000 to 70,000 tons of ammunition each; and the mechanism of each hand grenade and aerial bomb was explained. These bombs range from twenty to 1,660 lbs, and the conductor informed them that an airman dropping one of the latter on to a German Railway Station was forced a thousand feet up into the air by the force of the concussion. The station was of course obliterated.

 

LOCAL NEWS

 

On Sunday last Berwick had no supply of gas between the hours of 9 a.m. and 4 p.m. So many of the men at the works were off with influenza that the Gas Company found this necessary, in order to get up a certain amount of reserve stock to prevent any total collapse of lighting during the week. They considered that the withdrawal of supplies during daylight hours on Sunday would cause the least inconvenience to the public. It is no often the gas supply is cut off in the town, but air-raids made it necessary, and once recently we were without a supply of gas when the company were laying a new main in Tweedmouth.

Miss Doris Dodds, who for the past six months has been working in France as a motor ambulance driver, is back in Berwick this week. The work has been hard, but very interesting; weather conditions were often adverse and night duty frequent, but Miss Dodds has enjoyed her time in France. There were 100 motor drivers in the town where she was stationed, and their duties were to convey the wounded to and from the station to the hospitals, clean down their cars and do all running repairs. A fortnight after arriving in France, Miss Dodds came in for an exciting air raid, when the German aeroplanes, flying low, dropped about 160 bombs in a hospital area of three quarters of a mile, where she was stationed. There were many causalities amongst the patients and orderlies, and some of the sisters were also killed. The town was quite unprepared for this raid, no warnings were given, and there were no dug-outs ready. The next night the motor drivers were ordered to take their cars out to a neighbouring wood, and they slept beside them wrapped in army blankets – none too clean, but what matter so long as they were warm. They had to do this for some time as the raids were continued, and they were ultimately given quarters in a neighbouring village. The Germans excused themselves by pointing out that the hospitals were not flying the Red Cross flag, and they did not know what the buildings were. One of their duties was to motor the sisters an doctors out to the neighbouring woods to sleep till 4 a.m., when they were brought back again to hospital for at least an hour’s rest in a bed before going on duy again. Raids continued to be more or less frequent until the Germans were driven out of Zeebrugge, where they had their base; Miss Dodd’s experiences coincide with those of Miss Bishop, who a few weeks ago gave an interesting paper upon her work in France at the same town where Miss Dodds was stationed. Nurse Katie Mackay was also for a time in a hospital there.

The death has occurred in a Military Hospital in Egypt of Sergeant Pickering, late of the 1st K.O.S.B., husband of Mrs Pickering, 20 West Street, Berwick. He had eighteen years’ service and was at one time stationed at the Depot, Berwick. He proceeded to the Dardanelles with the K.O.S.B. in April, 1915, and being wounded in May he was sent to hospital, later doing garrison duty at Alexandria. He leaves a widow and a son aged three and a half years, whom he has never seen. The deepest sympathy is felt for the widow in her great loss.

The great improvement in street lighting has given satisfaction throughout the town, and even in the less frequented back streets there is now the light of incandescent to lead one in the straight path and help in the safe negotiation of door scrapers. Those who altered their classic features by having arguments with the Maclagan Memorial, Scotsgate and sundry corners during the dark nights of last winter will be relieved to feel that many preventable accidents will now be avoided. The unfortunate part about all the accidents was that the authorities who so rigidly enforced the stygean conditions never suffered casualty.

 

CHRISTMAS MAILS FOR THE BRITISH

ARMIES IN FRANCE, BELGIUM AND ITALY

 

Letters and parcels intended for delivery to the Italian Expeditionary Force and the British Expeditionary Force by Christmas should be posted so as to reach London before the final dates given below:-

Attribution: Europeana 1914-1918 project

Italian Expeditionary Force, Parcels 9th Dec. and  16th Dec.

British Expeditionary Force, Letters 14h Dec. and 16th Dec.

No parcel for either Force will be accepted at any Post Office after 14th December, until 27th December.

Helen Aitchison

As we celebrate the centenary of votes for women we explore the contribution made to public life by Helen Aitchison, the first female Northumberland County Councillor.

A short newspaper article in The Shields Daily News of 14 November 1930 records the death of local resident, Dr. Tom Aitchison, of Willington Quay. Dr. Aitchison was a local G.P. and Poor Law doctor to the Willington Quay district of the larger Tynemouth Poor Law Board. The article is significant in that it makes reference to Dr. Aitchison’s sister, Helen, with whom he shared a home. The article reports that Helen Aitchison ‘has taken an active part in public work and was the first women member of Northumberland County Council. She was also a member of Tynemouth Board of Guardians’. This short newspaper article reveals the important contribution that Helen Aitchison made to the history of Northumberland County Council.

Tom Aitchison

Helen Aitchison was born at Wallsend in 1857, the seventh of nine children born to James Aitchison and his wife Thomasina. Both parents were Scottish – James Aitchison was a GP and member of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh and Thomasina was a member of a prominent family from Lauder, Berwickshire.  It is not certain when James and his wife came to Northumberland but the family were living in Walker in 1845 when their first child Margaret was born. James Aitchison was prominent in public life in Wallsend. In 1866 Wallsend Local Board of Health was formed. Dr. Aitchison won a seat on the Board and in 1874 he was appointed Medical Officer for Wallsend, a position he held until his death in 1884 when he was succeeded by his son, Dr. Henry Hyslop Aitchison, brother of Helen. Henry also became a Northumberland County Councillor and Alderman.

Helen Aitchison was one of nine siblings – five boys and four girls. Four of the boys trained as doctors and were prominent in public service. Helen followed this tradition by becoming an elected member of Tynemouth Board of Guardians. Serving on a Board of Guardians was open to women from 1875 but it was not until The Qualification of Women (County and Borough Councils) Act of 1907 that some female ratepayers were given the right to be elected to District and County Councils. By 1914 fifty women were serving on Borough and County Councils in England and Wales. Helen Aitchison was elected as the first female Northumberland County Councillor in 1920. She was elected for the ward of Willington on 13 August 1920, a seat that she held for two terms, being re-elected to the same ward on 3 March 1925 and continued to serve on the Council until March 1928.

Miss Aitchison’s experience with Tynemouth Board of Guardians was put to good use. In 1920 she began serving on the Maternity, Child Welfare and Midwives’ Committee, and Unemployed Workmen Act 1907 Committee and went on to serve on the Care of the Mentally Defective Committee, the County Lunatic Asylum Committee of Visitors and the Public Assistance Committee. She continued to serve on some of these committees as an “added member” after she stepped down from the Council.

The Public Assistance Committee took on many of the duties of the Boards of Guardians after they were abolished in 1929. In 1930 Miss Aitchison and the three other female members of Public Assistance Committee formed a Ladies Rescue and After Care Sub-Committee the purpose of which was to “consider all questions arising out of the admission of unmarried mothers to poor law institutions … and the placing out and after-care arrangements of children chargeable in the various Children’s Homes in the county”. She was also a founding member – added member – of the Boarding-Out Sub-committee which was established in 1930 to be responsible for children’s homes and looked after children. She continued to serve as an added member until shortly before her death. Helen Aitchison died at her home, 29 Philipson Street, Willington on 6 September 1936 aged 78 years.

 

Indenture: 15th February 1794

15th February 1794

Further Charge upon Premises in

Alemouth for Securing 200£ of Interest

Signed and Sealed and Delivered being first

Duly stamped in the presence of us

Th:o Kerr

T.O. Burrell

Received the day and year first within written of and from the within

named Jane Yelloly the sum of

200 pounds of lawful money of

Great Britain being the  xxxxxxxx  Money

Within mentioned to be borrowed

and taken up at interest from her

by us As Witness our hands

William Robson

Rich:d Robson

Rob:t Robson

Witness to the signing hereof………….

Tho: Kerr

T.O. Burrell

This Indenture of four parts made the fifteenth Day of February in the thirty fourth Year of the Reign of our Sovereign Lord George the third by the Grace of Great Britain France and Ireland King Defender of the Faith and so forth and in the year of our Lord One Thousand Seven hundred and Ninety Four BETWEEN William Robson of Dunston Hill in the County of Northumberland farmer one of the sons and a Devisee named in the last will and Testament of Richard Robson late of Fieldhouse in the parish of Lesbury in the said County  Gentleman deceased of the first part Richard Robson of Humbleton Buildings in the said County  Farmer of the second parts Robert Robson  in the said County Farmer another son and Devisee name din the last will and Testament of the said Richard Robson deceased of the third part and Jane Yelloly of Alnwick in the said County fo Northumberland Widow of the fourth part WHEREAS by Indentures of Lease and Release  bearing date respectively the fourteenth and fifteenth days of November which was in the year of our Lord One Thousand seven hundred and Ninety Two the release being of three parts and made or expected  to be made between the said William Robson of the first part and the said Robert Robson of the second part and the said Jane Yelloly of the third part All that piece and parcel of Ground being in Length eleven yards from South to North with the Appurtances  situate and lying in Alemouth in the said County of Northumberland on the east side of the said Town Boundering on another piece of Ground formerly belonging to William Coulter and then to  William Coulter on or towards the South a piece of Ground belonging to Edward Gallon Gentleman or John Wilson and then to the said Edward Gallon on or towards the North a place called Holme or Howle Kiln on or towards the East and The Kings High Street or Town Street on or towards the West And also all those Freeholds Messuages Burgages Granaries or Tenements and Premises were formerly  in possession of William Reavelly his tenants and Under tenants or Assigns late of the said Richard Robson deceased and were then in the possession tenure or occupation of Thomas Adams and George Richardson and others as Tenants thereof to and under the said William Robson and Robert Robson  and are boundered by a lane called Middle Lane  on or towards the North by a Ridge or piece of Ground then belonging to Edward gallon esquire on the South by The Kings High Street on the west and Alemouth Common on the East And also all that Maltkiln or Maltsteeps and other Conveniences and Appurtances thereto belonging situate standing and being in Alemouth aforesaid boundered by a piece of Ground formerly belonging to Michael Coulter and then to the said William Robson and Robert Robson on or towards the South by a piece of Ground belonging to Edward Gallon Esquire on or towards the North called Holme or Howle Kiln on or towards the east by a piece of Ground formerly belonging to the said Richard Robson deceased then to the said William Robson and Robert Robson on or towards the West and by the Right Metes and Bounds formerly in the possession of John Grey a bankrupt late of the said Richard Robson deceased and then in the possession tenure or occupation of Thomas Annett and William Watson as tenants thereof to and under the said William Robson and Robert Robson And also all and singular other Messuages Burgages Granaries or Tenements  Maltkiln or Maltsteeps and part and parts Share and Shares of Messuages Burgages Granaries and Tenements  Maltkilns and Maltsteeps formerly of him the said Richard Robson deceased and then and them the said William Robson and Robert Robson situate standing lying and being in Alemouth aforesaid in the parish of Lesbury in the County of Northumberland TOGETHER  with all and singular Houses Outhouses Edifices Granaries Maltkiln and Maltsteeps Building Barns Byars Stables Yards Backsides Scites of Old Buildings Garth Gardens Orchard lofts  (   ) Lands arable and not arable  Meadows Pastures Feedings Commons and Common of Pasture  Turbary  Moors Marshes Heather Waste grounds Warrens Woods Underwoods and Trees Piscaries  Fishings and Fishing places ways Water Watercourses and Water places Paths Passages Easements Privileges  Liberties Profits Commodities Advantages Emoluments Hereditaments and Appurtances whatsoever to the said Premises and to every or any of them belonging or in anywise appertaining or to or with the same now or at anytime or times heretofore demised letter held used occupied possessed or enjoyed or accepted reputed taken or known to be as part parcel or member thereof or of any part thereof respectively were for the considerations mentioned and contained in the said Indenture of Release now in (   ) granted bargained sold aliened  released and confirmed unto and to the use of the said Jane Yelloly her  Executors Administrators and Assigns of the full and just sum of Four Hundred Pounds of lawful money of Great Britain with Interest for the same after the date of Five Pounds per Centum per Annum in the Fifteenth day of may next ensuing the date thereof AND WHEREAS by Indenture of Lease and release bearing date respectively the twenty second and twenty third days of November which was in the year of our Lord Seventeen Hundred and seventy Three and made or expressed to be made between the said Robert Robson ( party hereto) All that his the said Richard Robson ( party hereto)  of the other part for consideration therein mentioned the said Robert Robson did grant bargain and sell alien release and confirm unto the said Richard Robson (party hereto) All that his the said Robert Robson one undivided Moiety or full half part of all the said piece of Ground Messuages Burgages Granaries  or Tenements Maltkilns or Maltsteeps Gardens or Common of Pasture lands Grounds hereditaments and Premises TO HOLD the same unto and to use the said Richard Robson ( party hereto) his  heirs and \assigns for even UPON such Trusts nevertheless and to and for such uses Intents and Purposes as are therein the said several above sealed Indenture of Lease and Release Reference being thereunto respectively had more fully and at large may appear AND WHEREAS the said William Robson Richard Robson (party hereto) and Robert Robson have this day borrowed and taken up Interest of and from the said Jane Yelloly the further sum of Two Hundred Pounds for securing the repayment whereof with Interest the said William Robson Richard Robson ( party hereto) and Robert Robson have entered into one Bond or Obligation bearing even date with these Presents unto the said Jane Yelloly in the penal sum of four hundred pounds conditioned for payment of the sum of Two Hundred Pounds of lawful money of Great Britain unto the said Jane Yelloly her Executors Administrators or Assigns on the fifteenth day of August next ensuing the date of the Bond with Interest for the same after the date five pounds per Centum per Annum as by the said Bond and the Condition thereof reference being thereunto had more fully and at large may appear NOW THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH that for the further and better securing the payments of the said sum of two hundred pounds and the Interest thereof as aforesaid They the said William Robson Richard Robson ( party hereto) and Robert Robson do and each and every of them doth according to their several and respective estates and Interests in the premises hereby themselves and himself and for his Heirs Executors and Administrators covenant grant promise consent and agree to and with he said Jane Yelloly her Heirs Executors and Assigns  that all and singular the said piece or parcel of Ground Messuages Burgages Granaries or Tenements Maltkilns and Maltsteeps  Gardens and Common of Pastures Land Grounds hereditaments and Premises in and by the first herein above recited Indentures of lease and Release granted bargained aliened released and confirmed or mentioned or intended so to be with their and every of their rights members and Appurtances and every part and parcel thereof and all the Estate Right Tithe Trust and Interest therein of them the said William Robson Richard Robson (party hereto)and Robert Robson or any of them shall be charged and chargeable both in Law and Equity and shall stand remain and be a Security to the said Jane Yelloly her Executors Administrators or Assigns as well as for the said principal sum of two hundred pounds and the Interest thereof after the date aforesaid as for the said above mentioned Principal sum of four hundred pounds and Interest at and after the Date of Five Pounds for every Hundred Pounds by the year and that the said hereditaments and premises or any part or parts thereof shall be redeemed or redeemable by the said William Robson Richard Robson ( party hereto)and Robert Robson or any of them their or any of their Executors Administrators or Assigns or any other person or persons whensoever until full and just payment shall be made unto the said Jane Yelloy her Executors Administrators or Assigns as well of the said sum of five hundred pounds as of the said sum of four hundred pounds and Interest for the same respectively at and after the Date year without any Deduction or Abatement whatsoever AND  the said William Robson Richard Robson (party hereto) and Robert Robson do hereby for themselves jointly and severally and for their joint and several Executors Administrators or Assigns further covenant promise and agree to and with the said Jane Yelloly her Executors Administrators or Assigns   that they the said William Robson Richard Robson ( party hereto) Robert Robson their Executors Administrators or Assigns or some of them shall and will well and truly pay or (  ) to be paid unto the said Jane Yelloly her Executors Administrators or Assigns the said sum of Two Hundred Pounds with interest for the same at the date aforesaid on the fifteenth day of August next ensuing the date hereof without any deduction or Abatement whatsoever as aforesaid  according to the Condition of the said herein above recited Bond or Obligation and the true Intent and meaning of these Presents INWITNESS whereof the said Parties have hereunto set their Hands and seals the day and Year first above written

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