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This Week in World War One, 15 November 1918

 

BERWICK ADVERTISER, 15 NOVEMBER 1918

 

HOW THE GOOD NEWS WAS RECEIVED AT BERWICK

 

Last Monday will be long remembered in Berwick. The welcome news that Germany had signed the Armistice began to filter through about 8a.m. on Monday, having been picked up on the coast by wireless. Official word was not received till 11.30am, when Mr Toohey, Customs Officer, first received a wire from the Naval Authorities. This was followed by a wire to the Commanding Officer at the Barracks about 12 noon, and there was great excitement in the town when shortly afterwards the news was officially announced from the Townhall steps. With extreme rapidity flags and bunting that had not seen the light of day for years, were hung out, and a considerable crowd gathered in the High Street, which had a very gay appearance,. It was a beautiful day, and everyone was in high spirits. The Mayor (Ald. Plenderleith) was accompanied by the Sheriff (Mr T. Wilson), Major McAlester, Councillors Bolus and Dixon, Mr D. Herriot, Lieut. and Mrs J.A. McCreath, Chief Constable Nicholson, Mr J. Gibson, Miss Willoby, Miss Greet ( Norham); Mr and Mrs Toohey, etc. Addressing the crowd through a megaphone, the Mayor said; “Ladies and gentlemen, the long wished for and long looked for day has at last arrived. Peace is in sight. A telegram has come announcing that the Armistice has been signed by Germany.” He then called upon Major McAlester to read the telegram.

Major McAlester said – “The following telegram arrived at five minutes to twelve and reads, ‘Armistice signed with Germany. Full advantage of pipes, trumpets and drums to be taken to announce same.’ (Loud and prolonged cheers.) The band of the K.O.S. Borderers then struck up God Save the King.

 

Afterwards Major McAlester said: – “His Worship the Mayor has asked me to allow the band to parade through the streets. I have great pleasure in giving my consent.” The crowd thereafter dispersed, and the band paraded the streets, headed by an aged but exuberant drum-major, and followed by crowds of soldiers, some carried shoulder high together with children carrying flags. We never remember rejoicings when so many children were seen with flags in their hands. It was quite a feature, and where they all sprung from is difficult to say. The shops and works in the town were closed in the afternoon, and the Boy Scout Band paraded the streets.

Long lines of munition workers and Saw Mill girls in trousers also paraded the streets singing and cheering. One was actually seen giving the “Glad eye.”

London, we are told, quite lost its head, but the rejoicings at Berwick though spontaneous and hearty were within limits. In the Strand staff officers were seen on the tops of careering taxis, blowing trumpets, but in Berwick, so far as we could learn, no orders for taxis were given by the K.O.S.B. command, and no trumpets were blown – in public.

COUNTY COURT

The County Court, which was sitting, carried on its work of disposing of a grandfather clock undisturbed by happenings outside, but Judge Greenwell was very jocular, as if he had something up his sleeve.

LIGHTED STREETS

At night, on the suggestion of the mayor, the shading was removed from the street lamps, and lighting restrictions were generally disregarded, the electric are lamps in front of the Picture Houses blazing forth. Bells rung joyous peals, and the town clock, which for four years been silent from 8 p.m. to 8 a.m., struck all through the night.

During the evening bands of young people paraded the streets singing snatches of popular songs, accompanied by accordions, concertinas and other instruments, and enjoying the novel sensation of being able to walk about in comfort in the lighted streets. There was no drunkenness in the town, and, unlike celebrations during the Boer War, especially “Mafeking Night,” not a drunk soldier to be seen even as late as 10 p.m.

There were a few fireworks let off in the streets. The window decorations at Messrs W. and A. Johnston and Co.’s shop in High Street were very striking. The window was panelled with red, white and blue muslin, illuminated from behind by electric lights, and small Union Jacks were crossed in the centre of the white panel. Oher shops screened their doorways with Union Jacks, instead of the usual dark curtains prescribed by “Aunt Dora.” Fireworks, especially Chinese squibs and Roman candles, were set off at frequent intervals by the boys in the streets on Wednesday. There was also a bon-fire on Wednesday night on the shore on the Tweedmouth side of the river.

IMPROMPTU SERVICE AT THE PARISH CHURCH

A very impressive service was conducted in the Parish Church by the Rev. R. W. de la Hey, vicar, at 7 p.m. The Vicar had announced this service to a few friends in the forenoon, the word was circulated round the town, and the Church was filled well up to the front. There were special psalms, Mr Robson read a special lesson, the Vicar gave a short address from the chapel steps, and the service closed with the National Anthem.

Berwick Parish Church. © John Box – Friends of Berwick and District Museum and Archives website.

WALLACE GREEN

Here was an informal peace celebration at Wallace Green on Monday night, a very happy choice of subject having been made when the Literary and Debating Society syllabus was drawn up. Mr J. Strachan and Mr W. J. Marshall were leaders in a discussion in the vestry on “The League of Nations,” and were listened to with much interest by an audience, which was very friendly to the scheme. Specially noteworthy was the hearty reception of Viscount Grey’s name. Mr Macaskill, Miss M.C. Holmes, Mr Hamilton, Mr Stowe, Mr Carr, Mr Henderson, Mr Stewart, and Mr Gaul followed, and late in the evening the two leaders replied. The meeting broke up with the National Anthem.

A NIGHT OUT FOR THE R.A.F.

On Tuesday evening the “boys” from Haggerston Aerodrome had a night out. They came in to Berwick siting like monkeys on the top of a large aircraft repair shop motor with two old aeroplane wings strapped on the sides. Singing at the top of their voices and beating a tattoo with sticks upon the aero wings they turned out the cottagers and villagers on the road leading into the town. Mounted on the top of a waggon a soldier controlled a land search light which lit up the streets like broad daylight. The van after passing up High Street stood for a time in front of the Townhall, where a large crowd gathered round to listen to the songs and jokes of the men. The waggon was later taken to the Parade and the men spent a part of the evening in town.

Berwick Town Hall early 1900’s (c) BRO 426-294

DUNS

Chary in respect of last week’s premature rejoicing, Duns resolved to “maksiccar” before bell ringing. It was well after two o’clock before what was considered indisputable evidence was received, and at once a merry peal rang out from the Town Hall bell. A few flags were hoisted. Special church services were held on Tuesday.

NEWS ON THE FARMS

On the farms the news was received with rejoicing. Many farmers immediately granted a full day’s holiday, and the killing of a pig took place on some steadings. Singing in the fields, an occurrence hardly heard for four years, was general.

This Week in World War One, 1 November 1918

 

BERWICK ADVERTISER, 1 NOVEMBER 1918

 

Berwick Officer Severely Wounded

LIEUT. ALF. M. HUFFAM

 

We regret that we are not able to record much improvement in the condition of Lieut. Alf. Huffam, West Riding Regiment, son of Mr and Mrs Huffam, 119 High Street, Berwick, who was admitted on the 12th October to a Casualty Clearing Station in France, suffering from a wound in the face, and a severe wound in the back.

His brother has written home stating that though his condition has not shown much improvement, he is cheery and seems determined to get well again. We earnestly trust this determination will pull him through, and that next reports will be favourable.

Liuet. Huffam; who in civil life was a coach builder in Berwick, enlisted in the earliest stages of the war in the local battalion of the N.F. After training, he proceeded to France and came safely through the Second Battle of Ypres, and subsequent operations at Hooge, and on the Somme. He was recommended for a commission, and about a year ago was gazetted to the West Riding Regt. Since then he has seen heavy fighting, and has been mentioned in despatches. His younger brother made the supreme sacrifice last year, and other two brothers are in the N.F. Lieut. Huffam’s father was for over twenty-one years with the Royal Highlanders, and on leaving the Army was for some years a Volunteer Instructor.

The many friends of the wounded officer, especially those with whom he has associated in the Baptist Church Bible Class, wish him a speedy and thorough recovery.

War News

Military Cross for Berwick Officer

SEC. LT. JOHN STUART HARVEY

We extend our heartiest congratulations to Lieut. John Stuart Harvey, Worcesters, second son of Mr and Mrs S. G. Harvey, Railway Street, on his being awarded

A WW1 Military Cross similar to that awarded to Lieut. Stuart Harvey.

the Military Cross for gallantry.

Lieut. Harvey joined up in 1915 as a private in the Northumberland Fusiliers, and was recommended for a commission before proceeding to France with his

regiment. After service in France he was brought home to undergo his course, and was later gazetted to the Worcesters. He took part in the masterly retreat conducted during the German offensive in March last, and when the record of how he earned his decoration is published, we believe it will be for gallantry there.

Lieut. Harvey served his apprenticeship with Messrs Johnston and Darling, Berwick, but at the time of his enlistment, he was on the staff of Messr Donaldson and Company, seedsmen, Edinburgh. We trust he will be long spared to wear his honour.

 

War News

Mrs Sutherland, Berwick, has received the following letter from a friend of her late husband, Sergt, Laurie Sutherland.

Dear Mrs Sutherland, – I want to just write you a note about your husband. You will longer this have received word from the War Office as it has taken me a long time to find out particulars about him. He was up with me moving the battery forward on the night of the 30th Sept., and was unfortunately wounded by a mine going off on the road. I had left him but a few minutes to go on with some other lorries and did not know of the occurrence until he had been dressed and taken to hospital by the other men with him. As we have been moving forward every day I have not been able to get any news of him until I got an official note of his death three days afterwards on a hospital train.Those with him said that they did not think he was dangerously wounded and his death has come as a great shock to us all. He was not only one of the best sergeants that I have ever known, but as a man he was the finest that it has ever been my good fortune to work with. He was liked and respected by everyone. All this sense of loss that we feel is nothing compared to your irreparable loss, and I and all his old comrades wish me to send you their deepest sympathy. He has died as he always worked, so that the children of today and of tomorrow may not know the awfulness of war. It is, I know, but poor consolation to you and to his little girl of whom he so often spoke, but he has not died in vain. He leaves behind the splendid memory of a great hearted man. Please accept most sincere sympathy in your terrible loss. Yours very truly, FRED RANDALL.

 

SPITTAL COUNCIL SCHOOL

CHILDREN’S SALE OF WORK ON BEHALF

OF WAR CHARITIES WEEK

 

A successful Sale of Work organised by the scholars of Spittal Council School under the guidance of their teachers, took place in the school on Saturday afternoon. A big crowd of parents and others interested in the School made a lively scene, the Central Hall being quite filled.

The various stalls were as follows:-

Work Stall – Mrs Clements, Mrs Burn, Miss Lee.

Doll Stall – Jenny Martin, Agnes White, Barbara Wood.

Golliwogs, Beads, toys – Roberta Johnson

Guessing Stall – Two chickens, a cheese, two cakes, etc – Ella Martin

China and Glass Ware – Miss Dickinson

Jumble Stall – Miss Millar, Eta Dumble

Dip – Lizzie Johnson

Vegetable Stall – John Rutherford, Robt.Wood, Matthew Holburn, Alex. Patterson, William McLeod.

Door Keeper – Miss J. Wood

Parisian Tea Rooms – Miss Noble, Miss Johnson, Miss Borthwick, Miss Wolfe.

Mrs J. Campbell made the tea and was of great help. The largest of the classrooms made a delightful tea room.

Spittal School
Spittal School in the early 20th Century.

We were specially amused with the boys in charge of the Vegetable Stall. This was not a sum to work, it was not even playing at shops; it was real buying and selling. A customer appears, goods are displayed, real weights and measures and scales are used, real money is handed over and there is no discount.

The most optimistic expected to draw about £5 and we can imagine how surprised and delighted all were when the headmaster, Mr T. W. G. Borthwick announced that the nett proceeds amounted to £25. The parents and inhabitants of Spittal deserve the greatest praise for having given of their best and spared no expense to enable their children to do credit to their school in the various efforts to make “Children’s Day” a success.

Local News

The collection of plumstones and nut shells organised by the Patriotic Fund and kindly assisted by local grocers and greengrocers, is about to be sent to Government headquarters. Any contributions should be handed in without delay, and will be thankfully received. The proceeds, as our readers are aware, are used in the manufacture of gas masks, and the object should therefore appeal strongly to those who appreciated the value of such protectors of the lives of our men in the trenches.

Under sad circumstances the death has occurred of Mrs Reap, married quarters, wife of Private J. W. Reap, K.O.S.B., at present on active service. Mrs Reap, who is a daughter of Mrs Lough, West Street, died suddenly after a short illness, and leaves a family of seven children. Unfortunately the relations found it impossible to get into touch with Private Reap, and although funeral arrangements were delayed until Saturday, 19th, he was not present, and as yet no word had been received from him.

Hugh Cairns, 1896-1918

Hugh Cairns was born 4 December 1896 in Ashington, Northumberland, the third of eleven children born to George and Elizabeth Cairns. When the family emigrated to Canada in May 1911, they settled in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.  Here, Hugh was a member of the Christ Church Choir and he played for the Christ Church Intermediate Boys Football Club, and the St. Thomas Church Team, where in 1915, they won the Saskatoon League Championship. He became a plumber, still living with his family, before enlisting on 2 August 1915 in Saskatoon, along with his brother, Albert.  They both enlisted with the 65th Battalion, Canadian Infantry.  Hugh sailed on the S.S. Empress of Britain from Canada on 20 June 1915, and arrived in Liverpool on 29 June.

He transferred to the 46th Battalion Canadian Infantry (Saskatchewan Regiment), and was awarded the Distinguished Conduct Medal for action during the battle of Hill 70 on 25 August 1917, for conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty.  He had led his party forward and supplied covering fire to the flank of an attacking battalion.  Recovering two guns, he managed to repel three enemy counter-attacks and covered a subsequent withdrawal.  Even though Hugh was wounded, he held on until the ammunition was finished, and then made his way back to the line.

Hugh went on to serve with the 46th through the Battle of Passchendaele in November 1917, and at Amiens in August 1918.  He was promoted to Corporal, and then to Sergeant. Albert, Hugh’s brother, died from wounds received whilst taking the Drocourt-Queant Line on 10 September 1918, and was buried at Terlinethun Cemetery, near Valenciennes.  A comrade of Hugh’s commented on how close the two brothers had been and that, after Albert’s death, Hugh vowed revenge on the Germans for killing his brother, also saying that he thought Hugh had not planned to ever return home after Albert’s death.

On 1 November 1918, ten days before the armistice, Hugh was with his platoon when the enemy opened fire with their machine guns as they approached Valenciennes.  Hugh took a Lewis Gun, something he was said to be a specialist with, and single-handedly rushed the Machine-Gun post, killing the crew of five, and capturing the machine gun. The second time the platoon were held up that day by machine gun fire, Hugh repeated the one-man assault he had previously made, this time killing twelve men, capturing eighteen men and two guns.  During this assault, he was wounded in the shoulder. The platoons advance was checked once again by machine gun and artillery fire, and even though he was wounded, Hugh led a small party to outflank the enemy, killing many, and forcing at least fifty men to surrender, whilst also capturing all the guns. After the Canadian position was consolidated, Hugh went with a small patrol to Marly, on the outskirts of Valenciennes.  They trapped a group of sixty German soldiers, forcing them to surrender in a yard.  Whilst the patrol were forcing the enemy to disarm, a German officer passed in front of his men, and shot Hugh in the abdomen with his revolver.  Hugh sank to his knees, yet managed to open up on the enemy with his machine gun.  The fighting began again, and Hugh was shot through the wrist, and quickly collapsed from loss of blood.

Some of the platoon held the enemy at bay whilst others dragged Hugh from the enclosed yard.  The Germans opened fire on this makeshift stretcher party, killing one Canadian, and wounding Hugh once again. Sergeant Hugh Cairns died the following day, 2 November 1918, and was buried in Auberchicourt Cemetery, near Valenciennes.  He was posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross on 31 January 1919 for his valiant action on 1 November.

A monument to Hugh stands in City Park, Saskatoon, and depicts him in the outfit of a footballer.  This was unveiled in 1921 by Saskatoon footballers.  The Hugh Cairns V.C. School was opened in Saskatoon in 1960, and the home of the North Saskatchewan Regiment is called the Sgt. Hugh Cairns V.C. Armoury. Elsewhere, Hugh is remembered in several places.  His name is on the Ashington War Memorial, and the plaque in the main entrance of Bothal Middle School, High Market, Ashington – the school he attended before the family emigrated.  In France, the Rue de Hugh Cairns was named after him in Valenciennes itself in 1936; the only street in France ever named after a non-officer of a foreign army. His parents were awarded the Freedom of the City of Valenciennes in 1936, the same year Hugh was posthumously awarded the Legion d’honneur by the French.

In a letter sent to Hugh’s mother, Elizabeth, Chaplain F.H. Buck wrote,

Your son was by all odds one of the outstanding men in the battalion.  He simply did not know what fear was and his skill with a machine gun could not be surpassed.[1]

 [1] Hugh Cairns, Dictionary of Canadian Biography, accessed 31.7.2013