BERWICK ADVERTISER, 17TH JUNE 1921

BERWICK PETTY SESSIONS

THURSDAY

Before the Mayor, D. H. W. Askew, Charles Forsyth, P.P. Boston, and R. Boston Esqs., and Miss Henderson.

THIRSTY MAN SENDS GIRL FOR DRINK

James Wilson, hawker, 25 Walkergate, was charged with sending Mary Miller, a girl under 14 years of age, to the Miner’s Arms, Tweedmouth, on 6th June, for beer against the regulations, which are that it is to be sold in a corked and sealed vessel in quantity not less than a reputed pint for consumption off the premises. He pleaded not guilty.

Miner’s Arms, Scremerston 1900- Ref: BRO 1613/18

Mary Miller said she was 14 years come November, and on the day in question she was out at the coal heap at Scremerston, when the defendant asked her to get him a pint of beer. He handed her a bottle but she told him she would not be served as she was not the age. He said, “You might have a try as I am very thirsty.” Witness went and got the beer. When she came out she was met by the police. P.C. Lindsay and P.C. Pike, who took the bottle.

P.C. Lindsay gave evidence of stopping the girl. From what the girl said he saw Wilson who admitted sending the girl, but said he did not think he had done wrong.

Defendant said he only asked the girl to call and leave the bottle, to be filled at the “Miners” and he would call as he went past, as it was a difficult matter to get a horse to stop on the hill.

The Superintendent said it was a serious case, for they had the evidence of the girl that she had told Wilson she was not of age. The Bench retired, and on their return the Mayor said children must be protected, but as this was the first case which the Bench had had to deal with of this nature this year they would impose the modified fine of 10s of 7 days.

LICENSE HOLDER’S GOOD RECORD

Janet Cuthbert, licence holder, Miners’ Arms, Tweedmouth, was charged in connection with the above offence with selling the liquor to the said Mary Miller on 6th June. She pleaded guilty.

Mary Miller again gave evidence in a clear and distinct manner, saying she rapped on the door which was shut and, when Mrs Cuthbert opened it, she said, “Please will you give me a pint of beer?” Mrs Cuthbert said “Yes” and, taking the bottle, she filled it and brought it back.

Mrs Cuthbert said the child was speaking the truth, but she had omitted to say that she said “the beer is for a man who is working on the coal heap.” She was quite aware that she should have asked the child her age, but it never struck her at the time. She had no questions to ask the little girl, who had been very truthful as to what had happened.

The Superintendent- I do not wish to press this case as Mrs Cuthbert has conducted her business very respectably in the past, and we have never had complaints. Still, I wish licence holders to be made to exercise more care when selling drink to children.

Before the little girl Miller left the witness box, the Mayor said the Bench wished to congratulate her on the clear and straightforward way she had given her evidence. “You are a clever little girl,” he concluded, and Miss Miller, who had been on the verge of tears, brightened up.

The bench decided to dismiss the case in view of the respectable way the house had been conducted by Mrs Cuthbert, but issued a warning that publicans must exercise greater care in supplying children with intoxicating liquor. The defendant must pay the costs of the Court, 4s, and witness’s expenses, 6s.

BAD SCHOOL ATTENDANCE

Sarah Matthews, widow, Tweedmouth, was charged with failing to send her child, James Matthews, aged 13, to school at Tweedmouth on 21st May. She pleaded not guilty.

Mr Barker, Attendance Officer, said the boy between 2nd May and 3rd June, out of a possible attendance of 46 only attended 30 times. He was now 14 years of age, but under the Act he could not be allowed to leave school until the end of the term. Witness had told Mrs Matthews this, but she refused to send the boy.

Mrs Matthews said the boy had been bringing coals from the heap at Scremerston to make a fire to heat the other four children. He had no father and witness had to go out and work, leaving the children at home. Fined 2s 6d.

A MORE SERIOUS CASE

Mary Wilson, married woman, Spittal, was charged with failing to send Mary Swinney, 6 years, and Elizabeth Swinney, 13 years, to school at Spittal on the 3rd June. She did not appear.

Mr Baker said the child Mary between 4th April and 3rd June had made no attendances at school, and in the case of the girl Elizabeth over the same period 35 attendances had only been made out of 88. It was a very bad case.

The Bench considered this the most serious case they had been called upon to deal with for some time, and gave out the warning that future punishment would be more severe.

Fined 10s in each case.

BERWICK-ON-TWEED HIGH SCHOOL FOR GIRLS

On Tuesday afternoon the Chairman of the Governing Body (Dr C. G. Maclagan) presented the medals, prizes and certificates for the sessions ending 1919 and 1920 to the pupils of the High School for Girls.

Owing to the limited accommodation of the School Hall, which the pupils themselves practically fill by their numbers, the members of the Governing Body alone were invited. There were present Dr C. G. Maclagan, Mrs Holland, Mrs J. M. Miller, the Rev. P. G. Peacocke, Mr W. J. Dixon, and Mr Brewis, Miss Nancy Jackson, on behalf of the pupils, presented to Miss Tasker a most beautiful bouquet of shell-pink and cream roses as a token of their affection and gratitude.

Dr Maclagan, after distributing the medals, prizes and certificates, addressed the pupils, reminding them that, although all profession now-a- days were open to women (or soon would be), so that the education of girls was every bit as essential as that of boys. The girls who were destined for home life were fulfilling the most important duty of all, and that their education in teaching them to think, was the most valuable preparation for such a future.

Miss Agnes Armstrong moved a vote of thanks to Dr Maclagan for his speech, and this was heartily given. Mr Peacocke congratulated the girls on their rendering of the three songs, and said that the more music there was, the happier the world would be. The songs were: “Folk song, “Now, Robin, Lend me thy bow” (16th Century); part song, “The Angelus”; and “Heroes” (Farmer).

SURRENDERED GERMAN STEAMER

ARRIVES AT BERWICK

SHORT OF COAL AND PROVISIONS

On Friday evening the German steamer “Alsen” (659 tons net register, Capt. Hilderbrandt) from Hamburgh to Leith, where she was to be surrendered under the terms of the Treaty, arrived off Berwick and signalled that she was short of steam coal and provisions and wished to enter the port. The vessel was a large one and some difficulty was experienced in getting her up the river, but she was ultimately berthed in Tweed Dock.

Tweed Dock N.D. Ref: BRO 1736/13

The vessel carried a crew of 22, and had only about half-a ton of coal left when she was docked. The provisions would not have lasted another day. The crew had no money and seemed anxious to be discharged and sent home to their own country. No coal was available to take the ship on to Leith, and it was decided to let her remain at Berwick until the Naval Authorities at Leith decided whether they would make arrangements for her to proceed there, or for the ship to be taken over at Berwick. The crew were allowed ashore from 12 to 5 on Saturday.

The crew of the steamer were allowed to leave for Grimsby on Monday night. There they will be repatriated as early as possible.

Punishment Books

When I was in primary school, children were ‘given the sandshoe’ if they were naughty. The nervous child would lie over the teachers knee & would be whacked with a black canvas gym shoe. When I progressed to middle school, the chosen weapon was the black board duster! A certain ferocious teacher appeared to take great pleasure in throwing it at the head of any pupil who was talking in class. That thing would really hurt as it had a wooden edge, and you would often see children in the playground with a mark on their forehead and you instantly knew what lesson they had just come out of! 

Within our collection we hold numerous school punishment books as well as punishment books for the Netherton Training School [North Eastern Reformatory] and the Wellesley Training Ship (https://northumberlandarchives.com/test/2016/06/30/the-wellesley-training-ship/ 

The cane or tawse (leather strap with one end split into a number of tails) were two of the most popular implements used to punish children and young adults. After looking through some of the books it became evident that punishments were often unfair and inconsistent. One child received eight strokes of the cane on their posterior for stealing while another was given the same treatment for simply being absent from church. Inconsistencies like this were common throughout many of the books I viewed. 

Tawse NRO 11025

The tables below highlight some of the kinds of mischief juveniles ‘got up to’ and the type of punishment that was dispensed.  All the punishment books in our collection have a 100-year closure period to protect the identity of the individuals. No names of children or young adults will be given. 

Netherton Training School [North Eastern Reformatory] 

YEAR OFFENCE METHOD OF PUNISHMENT NUMBER OF STROKES  PART OF THE BODY  
1907 Picking a lock with a knife  Tawse Six Posterior 
1907 Destroying clothing  Cane Eight Hand 
1908 Personal indecency in bed  Tawse Eight Posterior 
1908 Suspicious conduct in bed  Cane Eight Hand 
1908 Dropping a weaker boy in a pig trough  Tawse Three Posterior 
1909 Scoffing at Jews  Cane Six Hand 
1909  Eating food out of the pig bucket  Cane Four Hand 
1914 Making up his wet bed knowing it to be wet after several warnings  Tawse Nine Posterior 

Wellesley Training Ship 

YEAR  OFFENCE METHOD OF PUNISHMENT NUMBER OF STROKES PART OF THE BODY 
1955 Absconding  Strap Six Posterior 
1955 Breaking Bounds whist on leave  Strap Eight Posterior 
1955 Brawling  Strap Four-Eight Posterior 
1955 Stealing  Strap Eight Posterior 
1956 Bullying Strap Six Posterior  
1958 Out of bounds at night  Strap Four Posterior 
1958 Smoking in dormitory Strap Four Posterior 

School Punishment Books 

SCHOOL YEAR OFFENCE METHOD OF PUNISHMENT NUMBER OF STROKES PART OF THE BODY  
Matfen County Primary 1901 Talking in class & copying  Strap One Hand 
Matfen County Primary 1908 Pouring water over a boy’s head  Strap Two Hand 
Amble St. Cuthbert’s Roman Catholic First School 1934 Careless & untidy work  Cane Two Hand 
Amble St. Cuthbert’s Roman Catholic First School  1938 Ungentlemanly behaviour towards a female teacher  Cane Four Hand 
Amble St. Cuthbert’s Roman Catholic First School  1969 Stealing from vending machine using plastic coins from the school  Cane Three Posterior 
Brown Rigg Camp School 1979 Attempting to punch a member of staff  Strap Two Posterior 
Brown Rigg Camp School 1979 Grafitti on desk  Strap One Hand 
Brown Rigg Camp School  1984 Stealing a sharp knife from domestic science room & throwing the knife at a boy, penetrating the skin & drawing blood Strap Two Hand 

It’s back to work we go…

While working from home I have had the opportunity to get to know some parts of the collection better than I would have if we had been in the office constantly over the last few months.  However, being able to open the doors again and welcome visitors back to do their research is what Northumberland Archives is ultimately about.  It is great being able to re-connect with colleagues and visitors on a face-to-face basis – even if that is behind layers of PPE and with a 2 metre gap! 

At the Woodhorn site we re-opened in May, with staff returning a couple of weeks beforehand in their bubbles to start preparation.  The work of the Archives Assistant begins only after our visitor has booked a timeslot to visit and had a discussion with an archivist about the availability of the documentation that they are interested in.  In our bubbles, one team is responsible for retrieving items and the other for returning them, this allows for both secure storage and maintaining quarantine guidelines.  It is more time consuming than it sounds, ensuring the correct item is located involves checking and checking again as any errors cannot be put right on the day. Everything has to be labelled so it is clear who has requested what, and who handled items last, not just the individual document but also the box or shelf it was removed from.  After months of sitting at home, going up and down the stepladders and lifting boxes feels like a much-needed visit to the gym!  The frequent cleaning of workspaces after use by colleagues and visitors is a new and necessary part of our role too.  Safety is paramount. 

The return to the office also means that we too can look at items within the shelves.  We are encouraged to find things of interest and to share information about the county and its people with our social media followers.   The long list of things that have peaked our individual interests over the last few months will finally get reviewed.  So, keep your eyes open as hopefully some that will make its way online soon.