General

Lately, as part of my working from home timetable, I have been summarising oral histories to be entered onto our Northumberland Archive systems.

I listened as Mrs. Amy Firman very kindly answered questions and talked about her time as a member of the Womens Institute, Newbiggin by the Sea, Northumberland. This was part of a ‘Woman’s Work’ project with students of Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne.

Amy told of living all her life in Newbiggin by the Sea, attending the infant school and then the colliery school and progressing further to Bedlington Grammar School. She also spoke of how much she enjoyed her office work for the Electricity Board in Newcastle.

Amy had joined the Newbiggin branch of Womens Institute after she was married and continued being a member there for over 52 years. She remembered that in the Institute’s early days women had to be voted in by the committee as members. According to Amy, the Women’s Institute in Newbiggin was established in 1922 and members might have met in someone’s house in the early days before finally moving to the hall. She said that a mortgage was applied for 1936 for to have a hall built.

The Women’s Institute often played a significant role in Mrs. Firman’s life as well as being an active community service in Newbiggin. She and her friends assisted in schools with lessons such as road safety. They knitted animals and made puppets to tell stories with. They once dressed up as fisher folk and towed a boat through Newbiggin celebrating the town’s heritage.

Amy told of how her group encouraged her to take part in such events as drama groups, keep fit classes. She gave blood when the Blood Donor sessions were set up in the hall and she eventually got her Gold badge after donating 57 pints of blood throughout her time there. She was certainly a very active member of her group. Her busy home life was balanced with her Women’s Institute group. She would often leave housework to attend, catching up on it at a later time. Mrs. Firman told of how she and other members provided and joined in a varied programme of events. Running and organising drama groups, tea and biscuit afternoons, crafting, knit and natter classes, fund raising events, panto and shows, raffles, dancing afternoons and many talks attended by guest speakers.

When asked about her favorite part of the Newbiggin by the Sea, Women’s Institute she replied that it was the company and friendships that she made and the support given to her when her husband died. Mrs. Firman proved herself to be a hard-working lady who was a credit to her family and friends as well as being dedicated to helping the residents of her home town of Newbiggin by the Sea.

Taken from an oral history, NRO T-958 (NRO 101888), Womens Institute, Newbiggin by the Sea, Northumberland.

I’ve been sat here in my kitchen ‘office’ during lockdown doing a bit of time travelling for the County Archives. So no, they didn’t give me a Marty McFly DeLorean or that spinning thing Hermione Grainger has, or even an H.G. Wells time machine, but they did give me two beautiful hours in the company of Mr Robert Reay and his life memories, as recorded back in 1971 when he was 78 years old. In my efforts to transcribe these tapes, I have been to another time and place – time travelling between the cups of coffee and emails to a mining heritage so familiar to me as a miner’s daughter and yet so removed from the modern world in which we live.

In 1971 Mr Reay recorded his memories of living at Coxlodge, Northumberland (now City of Newcastle Upon Tyne) and working at Hazlerigg mine for the County Archivist, Mr Robin Gard in the front room of Mr Reay’s house at 24 Mary Agnes Street, Coxlodge. His soft Pitman accent, alive with Northumbrian tones and rolling ‘r’s invites us into the near past to explore the everyday lives of our colliery forebearers.

Working man and boy in the mines, Mr Reay relates his memories of over 50 years of unprecedented change in the colliery villages of south east Northumberland. He recalls his life in vivid colour, leading us through the day-to-day of the colliery before and just after the First World War, describing the advent of mechanisation and the hopes of a new dawn that nationalisation promised. Through his warm dusty words we meet this mother and glimpse the difficult life a colliery wife led and his father who links us to earlier times in the mines of Seaton Delaval and Seghill. He shows us the shadows of men and boys in the underground lamp light, working along side him to ‘hew’ (hand digging coal) and ‘put’ (transporting tubs of coal from the coal face) the black gold that fuelled England’s place in the world.

We see the lost streets of Coxlodge Colliery through Mr Reay’s bright descriptions of the buildings and people that made up this thriving village community. I had to go! Armed with an old map and sat-nav, I spent an afternoon circling the streets and avenues of a now suburban Coxlodge, imagining the farms, the brickyard, the fields, the mine yards, the stone quarry and the rows of colliery dwellings that vanished under the spread of ’50s and ’60s housing development. Glimpses of old Coxlodge are still there if you are willing to look. Tantalising road names that echo earlier days – Regent Farm Road and Jubilee Road, reminders of the Regent and Jubilee pits sunk in the early 19th century and heralding the start of Coxlodge village. The Trap, the Coxlodge Inn public house, is still there on Kenton Road; a grand old establishment that was in Mr Reay’s earlier days the life blood of the colliery community, now shut up and showing signs of vandalisation and decay. And then, surprisingly and delightfully, tucked away amongst Coxlodge’s anonymous ’60s and ’70s developments, hidden from the modern world by the back wall of St Nicholas’ Hospital, is Mary Agnes Street, Mr Reay’s colliery row home from boyhood. There stands this neat little terrace, unchanged as the concrete world of the Newcastle’s suburbs engulfed it and looking very much like it probably did on that day back in 1971 that the County Activist and tape recorder came to call. A pocket of colliery history in the midst of a rainy suburban landscape – I could almost see the young Mr Reay racing through his front door, hoping to beat his brothers home to be first in the tin bath – or wiping tired sleep from his eyes as he set off in the early morning with bottle and bait in hand to catch the wagon-way down to Hazlerigg mine. And in concluding my Coxlodge adventure, it was lovely to realise that the final words on the tape, Mr Reay’s parting hopes, came true – Mary Agnes Street was reprieved from demolition to survive as a token of the world he knew.

So thank you Mr Robert Reay, miner of Coxlodge, for the chance to spend some time in your world. It’s 50 years since that tape recorder clicked on to record your words. We became such good friends, I couldn’t bring myself to look up the day you passed away – but bless you Mr Reay and know that your memories of Coxlodge and Hazlerigg, Seaton Delaval and Seghill are cherished in the County Archives so that the world you knew stays with us; a heritage in which we are proud.

The traditional image of Christmas Day in the workhouse is of inmates sitting down to beef and plum pudding. Reports in local newspapers confirmed this but also highlighted that there were many more treats and gifts provided by local shop keepers and wealthy patrons.  

The Morpeth Herald reported that Alnwick workhouse enjoyed a happy Christmas in 1888. There was the usual dinner of beef and plum pudding, but residents were also given sweets. Smokers were gifted tobacco and those who didn’t smoke received tea and sugar. All children received sweetmeats and oranges. In the evening, all inmates were treated to tea with fruit and cakes which was followed by musical entertainment. The children received toys, cakes and buns and all the older inmates were given a glass of punch at the close of the evening. 

In December 1903, there was a lovely treat for the younger members of Alnwick workhouse. Her Grace the Duchess of Northumberland gave an afternoon tea and gifted a Christmas tree to the children. The tea took place in St. Michael’s Guild Room in Alnwick and 25 children were present under the supervision of the Matron and the School Superintendent. They had a thoroughly enjoyable afternoon and received gifts of sweets and toys. Her Grace the Duchess of Northumberland and the Ladies Margaret and Victoria were present during the festivities. 

In 1904, to go with the beef and plum pudding, Alnwick inmates also feasted on mutton, pork and mince pies. Half a barrel of ale was supplied by the Alnwick Brewery Company and Messrs T. Dixon & Son, Confectioners, supplied all the children with sweets. In the afternoon all residents were entertained to a nice tea. The Duke’s forester sent evergreens for the adornment of the dining hall and Mrs Bosanquet of Rock Hall sent a Christmas letter conveying seasonal greetings and words of encouragement and hope for the future. The ladies Margaret and Victoria Percy gave presents of cake, tobacco and flowers. 

The Morpeth Herald reported that Christmas 1864 was a very happy one in Morpeth workhouse. A Christmas tree was exhibited for the entertainment of the children and was laden with oranges, apples and sweetmeats of various kinds. After they had feasted on the pretty vision of the tree, the fruits were distributed to the excited infants.  Mr Robert Oliver, baker of the town, proudly presented each inmate with a piece of his ’monster loaf’. In 1888, the Christmas beef was described as ‘prime’ beef and this was accompanied by an abundance of vegetables. A full barrel of beer was supplied and pretty plants decorated the dining tables. The Rector gave Christmas cards and each inmate received a Christmas letter from the Young Women’s Christian Association. 

The Hexham Courant reported on workhouses in Hexham, Rothbury and Haltwhistle. In 1877, the children of Hexham workhouse enjoyed a treat of tea and oranges provided by the Waddilove family of the parish. The festivities took place in the boys school room which was decorated in a neat and tasteful manner with holly, evergreens and Chinese lanterns. On Christmas Day, the Hexham inmates received an unexpected treat after lunch. The band of the Hexham Rifle Corps, on their way back from a performance, entered the workhouse yard and to the great delight of inmates played a selection of music ending with Auld Lang Syne. The following year, it was agreed by the Hexham Guardians to give the inmates a tea on New Years Day instead of beer with their Christmas Dinner. This was readily welcomed by all. 

In 1889, residents of Haltwhistle workhouse were reported to have received their usual Christmas breakfast treat of fruit loaf, cheese, tea and coffee. Dinner was the usual beef and plum pudding then after the meal there was entertainment in the dining room which had been beautifully decorated for the occasion. Inmates were treated to a performance of Little Red Riding Hood by Miss Saint’s Sunday School class. After the show there was singing and dancing then a tea similar to breakfast finished off the lovely day. 

On Christmas Eve in 1904, all inmates in Rothbury workhouse had an excellent tea and the smokers were given tobacco. On Christmas Day all the children received toys, and cakes were supplied as an extra treat for tea. Mr & Mrs Donkin of Haw Hill presented each inmate with half a pound of tea and sugar and gave tobacco to the smokers. Mrs Blackett-Ord sent two parcels of tea, shawls for the old women and toys for the children.