General

Cures and conspiracy

As all our pubs closed people are currently buying more alcohol for home consumption (come on we have all had a glass of two most nights since lockdown? Haven’t we?) It must have been similar in 1918. Dr Kerr wrote to the Newcastle Journal on 14 November 1918, stating that people shouldn’t share their handkerchiefs. (Do people do that?) But then stated that alcohol was not a protection against an attack of influenza, but very much the reverse.

This did amuse me though as a number of the newspapers I looked at did run advertisements for a product that could save you and one that I wouldn’t imagine! The adverts stated that two or three cups of OXO will help you from getting the flu. As it will increase nutrition and maintain vitality in your system and is an effective resistance to the flu. 

What followed this advert was something that we have all suffered these last few weeks ‘Toilet Roll Gate’ Yes, the panic buying of toilet products and flour and pasta which caused a serious shortage. Back in 1918 the shortage was of beef flavoured drinks such as OXO and Bovril. Things became so bad that in December 1918 Bovril ran two adverts in the newspapers to stop the panic buying. They tried to put the onus of deaths on panic buyers and the military for not releasing soldiers from active service quickly enough. What does strike you when you read their adverts is the number of times they mention their product. A Marketing Executives dream!

Unselfishness

There is a simple way of helping others during the present influenza epidemic. 

It is to refrain from buying Bovril if you have a stock in the house which will carry you on even for a month.

In this way you will leave available Bovril in the shops for those who have the illness at home.

Bovril Ltd. recognising that those who are deprived of the body building power of Bovril may easily fall victims to the epidemic. We are doing our utmost to increase supplies. 

But the lack of bottles seriously hampers their efforts and it is hoped that men will soon be released for the bottle factories so that there may be once again Bovril for all.

AND

On Behalf of Invalids

It is deeply to be regretted that the influenza epidemic coincides with a shortage of Bovril.

On behalf of the invalids, Bovril Ltd. wish to thank all those who refrain from buying Bovril during this period. The unselfish action of those consumers allows the available supplies to go to those who stand in great need of Bovril.

More bottles of Bovril will be available early in the New Year. 

Another product doing the rounds to help people after the flu was called Ker-Nak. They advertised this as follows:-

After Flu comes that nervous disability, that loss of appetite, loss of sleep and energy. To really get well and strong this spring make up your mind now and try KER-NAK. The new wonderful twin medicine – the tonic and laxative in one. So tone up and repair with KER-NAK.

Whilst searching the newspapers for these blogs I also came across the usual conspiracy theories. 

A member of the Local Food Vigilance Committee was reported in the newspapers of 25 November 1918: “… the influenza was caused by bad bacon and added a local doctor had treated 400 patients for swine flu and not influenza.”

Whereas Alan Wilson MD from Argyllshire had a letter published in the Newcastle Journal 7 November 1918: “The current outbreak of influenza may have been caused by enormous amount of nitrogen gas set free by 1000’s of tonnes of explosives used in the war.” He claimed that as it is a chief component in explosives, nitrogen could cause irritation of the mucous membranes of air passages and also of the nervous system. He signs with his name and that he is in his 80^th year and convalescing from an attack of flu. 

I could go on but hope you have enjoyed this glimpse back to 1918 and can see the similarities to 2020 and the strange situation we are all finding ourselves in.

Lost chambers beneath a castle, treasures protected by magical guardians and a choice which reveals the hero’s purity of character. The story of Sir Guy the Seeker’s supernatural experiences at
Dunstanburgh Castle occupies similar thematic territory to the tale of Walter and the wizard in the
caves beneath Tynemouth Castle and variations exist from all around the United Kingdom. The
Dunstanburgh story, however, has a very different ending suggesting a moral and literary influence.
Sir Guy the Seeker was first published in verse as part of Matthew Lewis’ Romantic Tales (1808).
Lewis was famous for his pioneering gothic horror novel The Monk and so was no stranger to
complex themes.

The castle at Dunstanburgh makes impressive use of its topography, clinging to a dramatic cliff edge
along two sides and once protected by a system of lakes around the inland curtain walls. The
remains of the original gatehouse are especially imposing given the structure’s age, comparative
short occupation and abandonment since at least the 1520s.

In the story Sir Guy is travelling in the area when he finds himself caught in a storm and urgently
seeks shelter, riding towards the only visible structure, the castle ruins. Every entrance was blocked
so Guy shelters in an entranceway by a single yew tree and waits for the storm to end.
At midnight lightning strikes and the door behind him opens revealing a mysterious vault and
ancient wizard who leads Guy inside, promising reward for the right, true-hearted hero or ruin for
any who fails. The pair walk the twisting passages and staircases beneath the castle encountering
unearthly sounds and visions until they finally reach an opulent vault containing a crystal tomb at its
centre and sleeping warriors all around. Inside the tomb was a beautiful enchanted lady, suspended
in sleep. To either side were the giant skeletons of ancient kings, one holding a sword and the other
a shield. Both would be required to awaken the lady and free her from her crystal encasement but
which to use first? Guy lays his hand upon the hilt of the sword but second-guesses himself and lifts the horn and sounds a note. Immediately the light disappears from the room and the voices of the awakening
warriors mock Guy for his choice from all around, advancing upon him with swords and spears. The
wizard becomes frightening, saying:

“Now shame on the coward who sounded a horn,
 When he might have unsheathed a sword!”

As a poisonous vapour permeates the air Guy passes out and wakes up stiff with cold back at the
closed doorway by the yew. He experiences visions of the sleeping beauty and the vault’s treasures,
compelling him to try again. Guy spends the rest of his life exploring the castle, trying to find a way back to the vault and after his death his spirit continues the search.

But still he seeks, and aye he seeks,
And seeks, and seeks in vain;
And still he repeats to all he meets,
 —”Could I find the sword again!—”
Which words he follows with a groan,
As if his heart would break;
And oh! that groan, has so strange a tone,
It makes all hearers quake!

Both Sir Guy and Walter of Tynemouth act with pure hearts and make the decision to sound an
ancient horn at the climax of their quests but the circumstances and outcomes are very different.
Walter is forced to act on impulse and triumphs while Guy’s indecision is the implied cause of his
failure.

A version of Sir Guy the Seeker’s exploits was written by Robert Owen of North Shields who also
collected the Tynemouth story although it is unclear whether this unpublished work predates Lewis’
version. Owen was a Northumberland folklore enthusiast but abandoned work on his table-book
when his health deteriorated. He was said to have moved to “distant climes” later in life.

Many soldiers serving abroad also caught the flu. These are just a few reports that I found within the local newspapers:-

Lance Corporal Thomas Cook died at 24^th Casualty Clearing Station, Italy on 21 October 1918. He was deeply mourned by his family.

Gunner J. W. Lazenby of Royal Field Artillery who died from influenza on 25 October 1918 at Wimering Hospital, France. He was the eldest son of Mr & Mrs Lazenby. He had been on active service for 3 and a half years and was their second son who had died in service of their country.

Then there was Private John William Douglas who died on 27 October 1918 in India. The beloved son of Joseph & Ruth of Humshaugh Hill, Chollerford. As well as the death of Major Harold Widdrington Sykes of Royal Army Medical Corps, son of Reverend  & Mrs Skyes of Meldon Rectory, who died of flu at Beira, East Africa.

There are so many sad stories out there and you can’t possibly write them all up. Some that caught my attention are the following:-

On the 26 July 1918 the Newcastle papers printed the story of the sad death of Alfred Alder. Under the title “Calling up tragedy”. 

Influenza and worry of being called up was enough for Alfred Alder aged 49. An aeroplane works labourer of 59 Ogle Street, Newcastle was found dead in bed, partially dressed with a jar of prussic acid by his side. The deceased had recently had influenza and on Friday last received his call up papers and since then has worried about the future of his children and had been drinking heavily.

The Morpeth Herald reported the sad death of a Shankhouse Colliery  woman. The body of a dead woman named Elizabeth Sprague, aged 65, was found floating in the pond at Low Horton Farm, Cramlington. Elizabeth’s neighbours state that she was recovering from the influenza and had been suffering at the same time with depression as she was not allowed to travel to America to see her son.

There was a story in the Morpeth Herald on 28 February 1919 about the ravages of the influenza in North Seaton. Mr Robert Latty had lost 4 members of his family to influenza and pneumonia in the last 5 days. 

The only mention of a nurse dying in the region I found was Nurse Carrick; I would assume there were many others, just like today. The Newcastle Journal reported on 25 November 1918, that Nurse Carrick of the Hexham Union Workhouse had died on the Saturday night from influenza followed by pneumonia. She had only started the job a few weeks ago as she previously had been employed in Haltwhistle.

A convicted man died in prison. The influenza was prevalent in Newcastle Gaol; the first fatal case was Thomas Smoult aged 24. He had been imprisoned for 6 weeks for his part in a safe robbery at New Bridge Post Office. He was taken to hospital on 9 July 1918 when his breathing became weak. He died the same day 

The Medical Officer for Health for Longbenton, Dr Burn, contributed to the Morpeth Herald on 29 November 1918. He reported that there had been five deaths from influenza in the month and all were inmates at the Convent in Gosforth. Despite instructions, the Doctor said that most people failed to recognise the importance of free ventilation and avoidance of the breath of the patient.

As a precaution, the Military authorities at the Tyne Garrison ordered the troops not to visit cinemas, halls, theatres or similar places of resort. This order also applied to soldiers at the coastal defences at Blyth and Hartlepool. The orders were relaxed for sporting activities, though: on 2 December 1918 a Hockey match was played between Wallsend and the 3^rd Battalion Northumberland Fusiliers. Due to the virus the home side could not muster enough players so they asked Miss Burton [Whickham] to join the team.