This Week in World War One, 17 May 1918

18/05/2018 by Northumberland Archives

BERWICK ADVERTISER, 17 MAY 1918

War News

BERWICK MAN AWARDED M.M.

Another hero has to be added to the already large list of Berwickers who have performed deeds of valour during the present war. Mrs Dunlop, 47 West Street, Berwick, has received intimation that her husband, Private William Dunlop, K.O.S.B., has been awarded the Military medal, along with a parchment certificate which reads as follows :- “28831 Private Wm. Dunlop, K.O.S. Borderers.

The Military Medal, awarded to Private William Dunlop, K.O.S.B., from Berwick

I have read with much pleasure the report of your Regimental Commander and Brigade Commander regarding your gallant conduct and devotion to duty in the field on the 11th April, 1918, near Neuf Berquin, and have ordered your name and deed to be entered in the record of the – Division – D.E. Cayley, Major-General Commanding.

Private Dunlop was called up as a Reservist and served with the Division at the Retreat of Mons. He was wounded in 1915, and was invalided to this country, and after convalescence he did garrison duty at Inohkeith, Inchgarvie, Kirkcaldy and Leith. Returning to Duddingston Camp he was then passed “A1” and proceeding with a draft of the K.O.S.B.’s to France he joined the – th Division, to which he is still attached. This Division has been seen much heavy fighting, having been at the Gallipoli, 1915-16. At the evacuation of the Peninsula they came to France, and were present at the Somme 1916-17, Arras, 1917, Ypres, 1917, Cambrai 1917.

Private Dunlop was home time expired at the beginning of the present year on a month’s furlough. We heartily congratulate him on the distinction he has won. He was for some time working at Scremerston Colliery, and thereafter was a salmon fisher with Berwick Salmon Coy. He is a son of Mr Andrew Dunlop, Church St., Berwick.

BELFORD OFFICER WINS MILITARY CROSS

It was quite a pleasure to us to learn some little time ago that Second Lieutenant Wm. Hall, eldest surviving son of Mr and Mrs Richard Hall, High Street, Belford, had been awarded the Military Cross. We would at once have recorded the fact but were forbidden. It has, however, now appeared in a military journal and the words culled from it are as follows: – “He dis-great courage in hand to hand fighting in an attack, personally killing many of the enemy, and led his platoon to their objective. Throughout many hours fighting he rendered his battalion valuable service.” Personally we are proud to know the gallant Lieutenant, and heartily congratulate him. Lieut. Hall has lost two brothers in France, and that fact is sufficient to fire any fellow with the spirit of a man in him to lay out as many Huns as he possibly can whenever an opportunity presents itself. Some time ago he was sent to Italy, and is still there. We hope he is safe and well, and may continue to be till the Central Powers are beaten.

Lieut N. S. Craig’s Gallantry

STIRRING STORY OF BRAVERY IN FACE OF THE ENEMY

Some weeks ago it gave us pleasure to record the award of the Military Cross to Second-Lieut. N.S. Craig, Royal Scots, son of Mr N.M. Craig chemist, Berwick, and the official account of the action which earned the decoration now published brings to light a story of true British pluck and daring.

The following is the official record:-

For conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty during a counter-attack. When ordered to gain touch with the unit on his right, he led his men forward over the open in daylight under intense machine gun fire, and occupied the ground immediately in rear of the original outpost position. He then went forward alone in full view of the enemy, reconnoitered the position, and found that it was not occupied by the enemy. He returned, and moving about in the open still under heavy fire, established his men in good positions. Later, when ordered to withdraw, he sent his men back in small parties, and was himself the last to leave. He rendered most valuable service in clearing up the situation. Throughout the whole operation he showed great coolness under fire, and by his courage and contempt of danger, set a magnificent example to his men.

Second Lieutenant Craig has now been allowed leave to continue his medical studies at Edinburgh University, and his many friends will, we are sure, wish him many years of life to wear his coveted distinction.

THE CROIX DE GUERRE FOR A WOOLER LAD

Mr and Mrs Brodie of Ramsay’s Lane, Wooler, have had a further communication from their son Sergeant Marcus Brodie that he is to obtain the above French decoration for conspicuous gallantry displayed at the battle of Cambria. It appears that when the British were being pressed back Sergt. Brodie gathered a handful of men together and held the enemy in check for ten hours until assistance arrived. The Croix de Guerre is somewhat similar to our Victoria Cross and serves certain privileges with it. We heartily congratulate Marcus on his well-earned honour and hope to see him back amongst us at no distant date wearing his highly prized and coveted decoration.

MEAT COUPONS VALUE INCREASED

As from May 12 and until further notice the meat coupon will be available for the purchase of 6d worth of butcher’s meat instead of 5d worth as hitherto.

Up to May 5th the public were able by using their coupons on their meat cards to obtain 1s 3d worth of butcher’s meat weekly. On May 5th this quantity was reduced to 10d worth by the reduction of the number of coupons that might be used for buying butcher’s meat from three to two. The present concession, by enabling the public to buy 1s worth of butcher’s meat weekly, compensates in part for the reduction of the number of coupons that may be used for that purpose.

The One Eyed Man

15/05/2018 by Northumberland Archives

The Court Calendar for the Easter Quarter Sessions held at the Moot Hall, Newcastle upon Tyne on 10th April 1890 lists that appearing at court that day was Arthur Stanhope .He was also known by the names of Arthur Reed, Arthur Wilson and Albert Edward Newton. The Calendar gives his age as 34 years, his trade as a decorator and records that he was only able to read and write imperfectly. He pleaded Guilty to an offence of Obtaining Money by False Pretences and was sentenced to twelve months.

Calendar of Prisoners, Easter Quarter Sessions 1890. *REF: NRO 11343/B/DAT*

The brief for the prosecution states that the prisoner “seems to be well acquainted with the district” and has been “exciting sympathy on account of his having lost an eye in September last and him being on his way to Edinburgh Infirmary”. He is also described as an “old offender” having been convicted at the Northumberland Easter Quarter Sessions in April 1885 “as well as at other places previously”. For this offence of Obtaining Money by False Pretences which was committed at Rock, Northumberland he was sentenced to six months.

From correspondence between Superintendent John Kennedy of Wooler and Mr Robert Archer found with the case papers Mr Archer had also dealt with the 1885 case.

An example of correspondence found amongst case papers for Arthur Stanhope. *REF: NRO 11343/B/DAT*

His list of previous convictions shows his first conviction to have been at the age of 28 in May 1884 when he was sentenced to 3 months for obtaining money by forging letters. As his trade was given as a decorator one wonders if his eye sight had now become so bad that he had to resort to fraudulent means in order to get money to survive. Or perhaps this was the first time he had been caught. Other convictions followed for fraud and falsehood involving money or goods and were committed in the Scottish Borders, namely Edinburgh, Dunns, Jedburgh and Selkirk.

Arthur’s previous convictions, handed over as evidence to the solicitors. *REF: NRO 11343/B/DAT*

In the 1890 case the arresting officer was a Pc Thomas Robson stationed at Lowick. On the 20th March from information received he was on the lookout for Stanhope and tracked him down to a lodging house in Lowick. When spoken to he gave his occupation as a piano tuner and said he had got a job at Barmoor Castle. After further enquiries Pc Robson found this to be false. Stanhope was arrested on the 22 March. He was charged two days later. Pc. Robson states Stanhope said that once he was clear of the case he would leave the county “and the next time you hear of me I will be making an honest living”.

One can only speculate as to how Stanhope came to loose an eye. In his statement Superintendent Rutherford states Stanhope “came into my custody at Alnwick on a similar charge between 22nd and 28 March 1885 and “at that time the prisoner was without the left eye” this being five years before this offence. One of his victims, Mrs Edith Maria Sitwell of Barmoor says in her disposition that Stanhope said he had been seen by Dr Argyll Robertson at the Edinburgh Infirmary and this may well have been true. Research has shown that he was the Senior Surgeon there from 1870 to 1897 specialising in eye disease and developed a procedure known as the Argyll Robertson Pupil which was used in the diagnosis of syphilis.

Stanhope was arrested after his visit to Mrs Sitwell. She was a widow and gave him 12/-. He is alleged to have asked for 11/- to get “New clothes to make him tidy to go into the Edinburgh Infirmary” Her generosity may have been swayed by Stanhopes referral to her neighbours a Mr Forster of Lowick who had “told him to come” and Colonel Hill of Low Lynn who he said had given him one pound. Colonel Hill had not believed his story and sent him away and Mr Forster had given him money. When arrested Stanhope was in possession of 6/-in silver.

Arthur Stanhope’s entry in the 1890 Calendar of Prisoners, Easter Quarter Sessions. *REF: NRO 11343/B/DAT*

Stanhope was also able to obtain money and in one case clothing from two Justices of the Peace for the County. George Pringle Hughes of Middleton Hall Wooler who became High Sheriff of the County in 1891 and Edward Collingwood the younger of Lilburn Tower. He was given 5/- by Hughes and clothes and 5/- by Collingwood. He used the same story namely he needed to get to Edinburgh for medical attention.

In an age when state support for persons unable to work due to illness or disability was minimal it would become necessary to either live on your wits, resort to begging or become an inmate of the workhouse. Stanhope seems to have chosen to live on his wits.

Stanhope states on two occasions that he is a Piano Tuner. This was a common occupation for people of limited sight in the nineteenth century and was helped by the demand for pianofortes as they were called by the well to do. Some were apprenticed to piano manufacturers but others may have seen it as an opportunity to make easy money. All that would be needed were a few tools and a teach yourself book. As Stanhope seems to have been able to convince upstanding members of the County of his intention to seek medical assistance, perhaps he perfected his skills of persuasion whilst visiting their houses.

Habitual Offenders were also receiving harsher sentences in 1890, and it may be that Stanhope was made an example of. After all he had managed to “con” a widow, a Justice of the Peace and a future High Sheriff of Northumberland out of substantial amounts of money.

Bibliography:

A History of Piano Tuning by Gill Green M.A

Wikipedia: Dr Douglas Argyll Robertson

We would like to thank the volunteer who kindly produced this blog piece; especially for their meticulous research of these documents and transcription of its contents.

William Wailes – Visionary, Creator and Artist

10/11/202308/05/2018 by Northumberland Archives

William Wailes was one of England’s most accomplished and visionary stained glass manufacturers. A key partner in the internationally renowned firm Wailes and Strang, William used his artistic flair to promote philanthropy, decadent design and religious adulation.

A William Wailes design for a stained glass window, *DN/E/8/2/2/173*

German Glass

William was born in Newcastle Upon Tyne in 1808, the youngest son of Thomas Wailes. He had at least three siblings; George, Margaret and Elizabeth Anne. In the early 1830s, whilst still a youth, William traveled to Germany to develop his skills in glass production. Glass production was a meticulous art to master, and contemporaries often commented upon Wailes’ dedication to his chosen trade and the long hours he sacrificed to producing unique and precise designs. Upon returning to the North East he gradually established his own business in manufacturing and designing glass, by creating his earliest designs in a low-budget kiln.

Wailes advertised his abilities through various regional and national newspapers, mixing European techniques with competitive pricing. His hard work eventually paid off and his company soon became renowned for their unique ability to harness the bright colour pigments in glass (a difficult feat in the mid 1800s). Soon his work was being incorporated into religious architecture across the world. These intricate designs can still be enjoyed in many places today including India, Newcastle and Low Fell.

The detail of a Wailes – Strang design, *DN/E/8/2/2/137*

The success of his firm led to the employment (at any one time) of between 60 to 100 persons. William had a good reputation as an employer and, when one of his employees died in 1852, journalists at the funeral commented upon the bond between Wailes-Strang workers. William also enjoyed a good personal reputation, becoming Overseer of the Poor in 1848 for the Parish of Newcastle and patroning pupils from the Institution of the Deaf and Dumb.

Keeping the Business Personal

In January 1834 William married his wife, Janet Elizabeth Carr, at Alnwick. The couple had at least four children; Margaret Janet born in 1834, Anne Kirwood born in 1836, William Thomas Wailes born in 1838 and John Carr Wailes born in 1841. Whilst their youngest son, John, died at the tender age of nine their other children all survived to adulthood.

The Wailes and Strang families were closely interwoven, both personally and professionally. Margaret (William’s eldest daughter) married Thomas Rankin Strang, a partner in her father’s firm and a celebrated stain-glass manufacturer. Together they would have one son, William Wailes Strang, who would continue the family’s glass making legacy. The Wailes’ own son, William Thomas, married Jane Ward and together they had two daughters Frances Margaret and Ann Elizabeth.

In 1861 William and Janet were living in South Dene Towers, Gateshead. Their household at this time was substantial; comprising of their daughter Margaret, their son-in-law Thomas Strang, their grandson William, the ageing Wailes sisters Elizabeth and Margaret, three domestic servants, a visiting widow called Isabella Le Berkeley and a Sarah A Pashley. Their neighbours at this time were the Peasel’s who had made their fortune from banking. Also living nearby, in a row called “Wailes’ Gardens,” were a dozen or so gardeners. These men most likely worked for William on his new vision – redesigning Saltwell Estate in Gateshead.

William’s creative legacy still lives on in some of Gateshead’s street names

Saltwell Park

William’s creative vision led to him purchasing the site in the 1860s and building of a decorative mansion (known as Saltwell Towers). The building, gothically styled, is still greatly imposing with its soaring towers and numerous windows. In 1861, shortly after purchasing the site, William is listed as owning ten acres and employing three men, fourteen boys and two women to care for his land. These individuals were most likely employed to help William realise his vision of cultivated gardens. Ten years later, in 1871, William owned 235 acres of land across the region.

However, almost twenty years after purchasing Saltwell Estate, William ran into financial difficulties and was forced to sell his dream to the Gateshead Corporation whom opened the gardens up as a public park. In the heart-breaking deal William was allowed to remain resident in the towers until his death in 1881.

The Will of Women

When William Wailes died in 1881 his will outlined how his personal estate, estimated in local papers to have been worth £25,403 3s 5d, should be divided between his family. This original document has been found amongst papers within the Dickson, Archer and Thorp collection and its date, late January, suggests it was hastily written on his death bed. The majority of William’s surviving blood relations were female, and it fell to them to both divide and claim his assets. These included his two daughters, two granddaughters, widowed daughter-in-law and two sisters.

An extract from the will of William Wailes. *REF: NRO 11343/B/DAT*

He had appointed his daughter Anne Kirwood, his friend John Gibson and his son-in-law Thomas Rankin Strang to be his executors and trustees. He left a watch, belonging to his previously deceased son William Thomas, to his only grandson William Wailes Strang. He left his recently widowed daughter-in-law £20 for mourning, but instructed that her daughters should remain in the care of their aunt Anne Kirwood. Anne was to therefore act as the girls’ live-in mother and trustee until they reached the age of 21. William also bequeathed to his trustees and executors any money still owed to him by the Gateshead Corporation for the sale of Saltwell Park, and assigned yearly allowances to various family members. He also bequeathed gifts to the institution of the Deaf and Dumb.

The signature of William Wailes Strang, DN/E/8/2/2/137

William may have been gone but his legacy continued through his gifts of philanthropy and his grandson’s development of the family glass making business. William was an exceptional force admired for being hard-working, charitable and upstanding – the ultimate Victorian gentleman.

We would like to thank the volunteer who carefully transcribed the last will and testimony of William Wailes, without which this blog would not be possible.

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