Survey of Possessions of Newminster Abbey made on 1 July 1536 (copy made in 1614)

Survey of Possessions of Newminster Abbey made on 1 July 1536 (copy made in 1614)

Reference: NRO 00324/M/1/7

 

Suggested age groups: KS2, KS3, KS4, lifelong learners 

Subject areas: Palaeography, Tudors, Dissolution of Monasteries, Pre-Industrial Economic Development

CONTEXT

This is part of a list of the property (including lands and buildings) that belonged to Newminster Abbey, Morpeth. The property recorded here was in the coastal settlement of Blyth. Today, the town of Blyth is about 12km (8 miles) from Morpeth to the south east.  Lists (or surveys) like this were made by the Court of Augmentations under instruction from Henry VIII before dissolution.  

Newminster Abbey was a Cistercian abbey that was founded in 1137 and closed in 1537. The Abbey buildings were bought by the Grey family who reused the stone for their own building projects. 

James Rokeby – auditor (someone who looks at and analyses financial records) for the Court of Augmentations 

Robert Collingwood – knight and High Sherriff of Northumberland (1551) 

Lionel Grey 

William Greene

There is at Blith nooke vii salt pannes furneshede with one house 

called the garner and other edifices and house unto the same pannes 

belonginge and also the ferme of a myne of cooles of the Bishopp 

of Durrelhm for the mayntennce of the said pitts and ii Cobulls or 

keelis for the caryage of the same cooles to the pannes, the occupiers 

of the same pannes shall bere and sustayne all manner of reperacions 

and pay the rents yearlie unto the Bishopp for the mynes aforesaid 

of five merkes and so the same vii salt pannes be clere worthe 

by yere over all charges  

 

}xiiii li (pounds) 

There is at Blyth Nook* seven salt pans furnished with one house 

called “The Garner” and other edifices and house belonging to the pans 

and also the farm* of a mine of coals for the Bishop 

of Durham for the maintenance of the said pits and two cobles or 

keels* for the carriage of the same coals to the pans, the occupiers 

of the same pans shall bear and sustain all manner of reparations [repairs] 

and pay the rents yearly to the Bishop for the mines aforesaid 

of five marks* and so the same seven salt pans be clear worth 

by year over all charges 

}£14 

 

*Blyth Nook – old name for Blyth 

*farm – here it means a lease (from Old English). The abbey owned the coal mines that they leased or rented out to whoever rented the salt pans so that they would have fuel to heat the pans. 

*cobles or keels – traditional Northumbrian boats 

*five marks – “unit of account”, this was never a coin in England but used when making calculations.  Worth 13s 4d (13 shillings and 4 pence or 160 old pence). 

ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY 1

Background

This is part of a list of the property (including lands and buildings) that belonged to Newminster Abbey in Morpeth. Lists (or surveys) like this were made by the Court of Augmentations under instruction from Henry VIII before dissolution.  

Newminster Abbey was a Cistercian abbey that was founded in 1137 and closed in 1537.

SEE

See: What is this document?

See: Why was this document made?

See: Who made this document?

See: When was this document originally made?

See: When was a copy of this document made?

THINK

Think: Why was Blyth known as Blyth Nook?

Think: Why are words spelled differently in this document to how we would spell them today?

Think: What is palaeography?

Think: How can we understand documents from the past?

Think: Do we need to be able to read every word to understand a document?

Think: Will people in the future struggle to understand our handwriting?

DO

Do: Look at the document for 10 seconds. What is your first impression of it?

Do: Look at the document for 30 seconds. Can you pick out any words?

Do: Look at the document for one minute. Can you get enough information to work out what the document is about?

Do: Read the document out loud. Does it make more sense when read aloud?

Do: Write a translation of the document.

Do: Have a go at copying the handwriting.

Resources

ACTIVITY 2

Background

This is part of a list of the property (including lands and buildings) that belonged to Newminster Abbey, Morpeth. The property recorded here was in the coastal settlement of Blyth. Today, the town of Blyth is about 12km (8 miles) from Morpeth to the south east. Lists (or surveys) like this were made by the Court of Augmentations under instruction from Henry VIII before dissolution.  

Newminster Abbey was a Cistercian abbey that was founded in 1137 and closed in 1537. The Abbey buildings were bought by the Grey family who reused the stone for their own building projects. 

SEE

See: Where is Newminster Abbey?

See: When was Newminster Abbey founded?

See: When was Newminster Abbey closed?

See: Which Court made surveys such as this one?

See: Which monarch instructed the Court of Augmentations to make surveys such as this?

THINK

Think: What was the dissolution of the monasteries?

Think: Why did the dissolution of the monasteries take place?

Think: Why did Newminster Abbey own property and possessions in Blyth and Durham?

Think: What is a coble?

Think: What is a salt pan?

Think: What types of industry were prevalent in Blyth in 1536?

Think: What might the abbey buildings have been used as after the dissolution of the monasteries?

Think: What currency was used in England in 1536?

Think: How much income might Newminster Abbey have generated?

DO

Do: Discuss the causes of the dissolution of the monasteries.

Do: Discuss the short-term effects of the dissolution of the monasteries.

Do: Discuss the long-term effects of the dissolution of the monasteries.

Do: Make a list of the property and possessions named in the survey.

Do: Use the Bank of England inflation calculator to work out how much £14 in 1536 is worth today.

Do: Use the National Archives currency convertor to work out the purchasing power of £14 in 1536.

Do: Discuss what could be inferred about the power of monasteries based on the possessions of Newminster Abbey.

Do: Plan how you would reuse or redevelop Newminster Abbey.

Do: Draw your redevelopment design.

Resources

OTHER ONLINE RESOURCES

Dissolution of the monasteries  

The National Archives website, online research guide about the dissolution of the monasteries: https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/help-with-your-research/research-guides/dissolution-monasteries-1536-1540/  

Historic England, Word document with teaching notes about the dissolution of the monasteries: https://historicengland.org.uk/content/docs/education/explorer/teachers-notes-the-dissolution-of-the-monasteries-doc/  

Newminster Abbey 

Historic England website of listed buildings, page about Newminster Abbey: https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1155952?section=official-list-entry  

The Cistercians in Yorkshire website (University of Sheffield), page about Newminster Abbey: https://www.dhi.ac.uk/cistercians/abbeys/newminster.php  

Handwriting 

The National Archives education website, page about reading old handwriting: https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/resources/palaeography/  

Cobles 

Living Language Land website, page about the word “coble”, includes video of poem by Katrina Porteous: https://living-language-land.org/words/coble/   

Coble and Keelboat Society website: https://coble-keelboatsociety.org/  

YouTube website, video “The Last Fishermen – Northumberland” (2008) about family using cobles for fishing in Boulmer, (2 mins):  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5UmmQjAS8Tw  

RNLI website, page about Grace Darling’s coble: https://rnli.org/find-my-nearest/museums/grace-darling-in-10-objects/grace-darlings-boat